Weird Animal Senses

Weird Animal Senses – In ‘Wonderful World,’ Ed Yong explores the world of animal perception: Shots – Life Stories In his new book, Wonderful World, science writer Ed Yong explores the diversity of perception in the animal world – including echolocation, magnetic and ultraviolet. . vision.

The dolphin’s sense of echolocation allows to coordinate efforts to hunt prey, look “through” other creatures and create three-dimensional shapes using sound. Raymond Roig/AFP via Getty Images hide caption

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The dolphin’s sense of echolocation allows to coordinate efforts to hunt prey, look “through” other creatures and create three-dimensional shapes using sound.

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Science writer Ed Yong uses the example of a dark room: Although it seems that it will be difficult to see in the dark, the bird in the room will be able to pick up the energy of the earth and will know its direction. fly when it’s time to migrate. Dogs can smell a variety of odors that humans cannot detect. Rattlesnakes can detect the presence of humans in a room by sensing infrared radiation.

“Each of these creatures, we can all share the same space and have very different experiences in that space,” Yong said.

, Yong explores different perspectives on the animal world and the limits of our understanding. He notes that each animal has access to its own emotional environment – called an “umwelt” – which creates a “bespoke sliver of reality.”

“Umwelt was popularized by a German biologist named Jakob von Uexküll,” Yong said. “The word comes from the German word for ‘nature,’ but von Uexküll never used it to refer to the physical environment. He meant the environment of senses, smells, sights, sounds and textures that every animal has access to.”

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Yong showed that humans cannot sense the dead electric fields of sharks and platypuses, or the magnetic fields seen by robins and sea turtles. Our ears cannot hear the sound of rats and mice, and our eyes cannot see the ultraviolet rays that birds and bees hear. But, he says, imagining the world as animals see it opens up a new appreciation for the wonders of nature in our everyday lives.

“If you start thinking about the nyelt of other animals, you realize that the beauty of nature is all around us. It is in our backyard, in our garden, in the body of other visible creatures around, my dog, a pigeon on the road,” said Yong. “It just makes ordinary things amazing.”

So flowers are beautiful, but if you have ultraviolet vision like a bee, you will be able to see patterns in flowers that you cannot see. Sunflowers, for example, far from appearing yellow, will have an ultraviolet bullseye in the center. Many flowers have ultraviolet shapes like arrows and bullseyes to guide insects to the pollen center. Some pollinators, such as crab spiders, dissolve in flowers before our eyes, but they look real when viewed in ultraviolet light, and act as insect attractants. It draws people to a waiting spider.

Weird Animal Senses

One of the things I love about the relationship between insects and flower vision is that if you take all the colors in all the flowers out there, and ask… what kind of color vision is best at distinguishing those colors? You get an eye like a bee, an eye that is very sharp in blue, green and ultraviolet. And you might think that bees’ eyes evolved to see the colors of flowers better. And on the contrary, because the bee’s eye comes first, the flower blooms later. So the color of the flower has evolved to tickle the eyes of the bee, and I think the result is really amazing. It means that beauty, as we know, is not only in the eyes, but also because of the eyes.

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Echolocation is a highly advanced form of hearing used by many animals, such as bats and dolphins, to understand the world around them. So they make high-pitched ultrasonic calls beyond the range of human hearing, and listen to the echoes of those calls after returning the animal’s surroundings. And by listening to that noise and going through that thicket, he comes to understand the world around him. A bat in complete darkness can find, follow and fly away from flying insects. It can walk in the dark of the cave. It can overcome obstacles – all by using this sophisticated sense of hearing. …

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Bats and dolphins are two of the best animal vocalizers, and in some ways they serve the same purpose. But the difference between them is mainly due to the dolphin echolocating in the water. Call them more. So for them, echolocation is a longer sense than bats, which can only see small moths a few meters in front of them. Dolphins can use a form of echolocation as a medical scanner. They can see the hard surface of other animals. Dolphin echolocating in humans can see your bones, and see your lungs. Dolphins are able, by echolocation, to detect the swim bladder of prey fish. They can distinguish different types of prey by the shape of their bladders. So you have this amazing ability to get in. But unless it has nothing to do with vision, right? It has to do with sound.

When you think of sound, you don’t think of designing this rich three-dimensional feature. If I hear a recording of someone playing the saxophone, I will appreciate it. But there was no way I could get away from that to recreate the shape of the saxophone in my mind. But dolphins do it with sound. They can multiply in objects. It’s like they’re building a visual model of what the object looks like – its shape, maybe its texture, which can then be used as input so that other sensors can see, say, on a screen, the shape of the object. . And it’s amazing. I thought not only of the strange world of senses, but how such strange senses could be transmitted by such intelligent animals.

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A good example would be cephalopods, octopus, squids and other related animals. … So the squid, for example, if you are injured in a certain part of the body, it seems that you do not know where the pain is and there is no local experience of pain. If I stub my toe, I know, “Oh, my toe hurts.” Squid. It’s like your whole body is hypersensitive. So it’s not like, “Ugh, my third arm hurts.” And maybe it’s because the squid’s arms are short. You cannot examine most of the body. If they know which part of the body is injured, they may not be able to do anything.

It is not true of the octopus, which has long and cunning hands. He seems to have had a painful experience. They seem to know exactly which part of the body is injured and will mount and tend to injure themselves, just like humans. So here, if you look at this group of animals, you can see different types of pain. And I think that’s very important. Usually when we think of pain in animals, we think of it as yes or no. Animals experience pain just like humans, or so some people think they don’t. I think that in some cases, it can happen somewhere in between, and the experience of pain will be something different like the experience of color or sound or other sensory information.

So many animals have vibration-sensing cells in their limbs. I have it on my fingers, for example. It looks like the cat has that in her stomach. And one of the scientists I talked to has this hypothesis, for example, if a cat is sitting on its knees, does it also feel the vibrations caused by winter? When we see a lion looking at a herd of antelopes from a distance, it also takes information by observing their movements.

Weird Animal Senses

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